A lumped-parameter model of the systemic circulation. A chopped-sine left ventricle pressure signal drives flow through the system.
Description
This is a lumped-parameter model of the systemic circulation based on Olansen et al. (2000). A chopped-sine left ventricle pressure signal drives flow through the system. Seven windkessel compartments in series represent the peripheral circulation while the cerebral and coronary circulations are represented by a resistive element alone. The arterial, venous and Vena cava segments are each characterized by a non-linear PV relationship. All other compartments are described by a single compliance value. The resistance of the arterial and Vena cava segments are also non-linear; all other resistances are linear. Parameters were chosen to produce a textbook pressure profile throughout the circulation and a total cardiac output of 5 L/min.
Above Figure:
Paop: Proximal aorta press, Paod :Distal aorta press, Psa: Systemic artery press, Psad: Systemic arterioles press, Psc: Systemic capillaries press , Psv: Systemic veins press, Pvc: Vena cava press
Equations
The equations for this model may be viewed by running the JSim model applet and clicking on the Source tab at the bottom left of JSim's Run Time graphical user interface. The equations are written in JSim's Mathematical Modeling Language (MML). See the Introduction to MML and the MML Reference Manual. Additional documentation for MML can be found by using the search option at the Physiome home page.
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Olansen JB, Clark JW, Khoury D, Ghorbel F, Bidani A. A closed- loop model of the canine cardiovascular system that includes ventricular interaction. Computers and Biomedical Research. 33: 260-295, 2000. Lu K, Clark JW, Ghorbel FH, Ware DL, Bidani A. A human cardiopulmonary system model applied to the analysis of the Valsalva maneuver. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 281: H2661-H2679, 2001. Ohm GS. Die galvanische Kette mathematisch bearbeitet, 1827
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The National Simulation Resource, Director J. B. Bassingthwaighte, Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195-5061.
Model development and archiving support at https://www.imagwiki.nibib.nih.gov/physiome provided by the following grants: NIH U01HL122199 Analyzing the Cardiac Power Grid, 09/15/2015 - 05/31/2020, NIH/NIBIB BE08407 Software Integration, JSim and SBW 6/1/09-5/31/13; NIH/NHLBI T15 HL88516-01 Modeling for Heart, Lung and Blood: From Cell to Organ, 4/1/07-3/31/11; NSF BES-0506477 Adaptive Multi-Scale Model Simulation, 8/15/05-7/31/08; NIH/NHLBI R01 HL073598 Core 3: 3D Imaging and Computer Modeling of the Respiratory Tract, 9/1/04-8/31/09; as well as prior support from NIH/NCRR P41 RR01243 Simulation Resource in Circulatory Mass Transport and Exchange, 12/1/1980-11/30/01 and NIH/NIBIB R01 EB001973 JSim: A Simulation Analysis Platform, 3/1/02-2/28/07.